Sunn hemp or madras hemp

Description

Sunn hemp or madras hemp (Crotalaria juncea) has long been used as a fibre plant in India.The fibre is stronger than standard hemp, especially when wet; the plant is also used as a green manure. The seeds, leaves and roots are used in traditional Ayurvedic medicine, against hair loss, to treat anaemia and to purify the blood.

In the late 18th and early 19th centuries the East India Company controlled much of the Indian subcontinent. Keen to exploit and export valuable natural commodities, the Company set out to record the flora of India and commissioned Indian artists to create detailed botanical illustrations. Many of the plants were known through their use in Ayurvedic medicine. One of the world’s oldest medicinal systems, it has been practised in India for 3,000 years.

Company School style paintings became popular with wealthy Europeans. It was not uncommon for East India Company officials (who were not employed as medics or botanists) to build their own personal collections of paintings depicting Indian flora and fauna. We cannot be sure how local amateur botanist Richard Cresswell came by this collection of 86 Company School works. It is possible Henry Creighton commissioned them during his time as a judge in Calcutta and that on his death the works came back to the UK with his daughter Frances who later married Richard Cresswell.

Accession Loan No.

19/1927/2/30

Collection Class

Drawings

Medium

watercolour on paper

Common Name

sunn hemp or madras hemp

Simple Name

drawing

Full Name

Crotalaria Juncea Linn

Dimensions

total sheet H 555 mm; total sheet length 390 mm

Production Person Surname

anon

Period Classification

George III (1760-1811)

Production Year Low

1780

Production Year High

1810

Production Town

Calcutta

Production County

Bengal

Production Country

India

Production Area Region

South Asia

Production Continent

Asia

Family Group



Inscription / Transcription

HERB. MUS. EXON CRESSWELL COLLECTION 19/1927; Crotalaria Juncea Linn (see Roxb. Cor. Plt 193 or Bot mag 490); No 30

Family

Leguminosae

Genus

Crotalaria

Species

juncea